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a.Spiral Cosmology Introduction

An Introduction of Spiral Procession Cosmology 

 S.L. Chen

The foundation of the cosmology is derived from the “Hubble’s Law”. In 1929, Hubble proposed a hypothesis that nebula distance D and the radial velocity (the velocity of the nebula along the line of sight of the observer) V has a linear relationship, that is, the farther away from us is the extragalactic nebulae, the greater is the radial velocity, (this is the future world-famous Hubble theorem: V = HD, which H is called the Hubble constant).

Directly extended H = V / D, has led to the concept of the universe is expanding: the various parts of the universe is far away from each other, the rate of retreat from each other is proportional to the distance between them. Some scholars have thus proposed the Big Bang cosmology.

According to the relativity of the movement and use the nebula as reference, the Earth where the observer is should move in the same radial velocity. The universe is in rotation. The Earth and other celestial bodies in the universe make infinitive spiral movements. Square the Earth speed (the Hubble speed V), divide it by the radius of the orbit (the Hubble distance D), it is the Earth’s the centrifugal acceleration of spiral movement (with A = V2 / D), this is the theory of the Spiral Procession Cosmology.

The first degree of Hubble velocity V is used to export the big bang cosmology, the Spiral Cosmology does not almost deprived of accommodation in this theory.

Quadratic of the Hubble velocity, derived Spiral Procession Cosmology, the big bang of the universe in this theory, immediately disappear!

Hubble’s law is definitely the most significant scientific achievement of the 20th century. Yet different explanation of Hubble’s law has led to two incompatible cosmologies. With Hubble Nebula radial velocity in calculation, use it in the first degree or use it in quadratic form, which is more reasonable? Just look at the big bang theory, for decades scholars could not justify, you can expect: the big bang cosmology which is based on Hubble’s V will soon end. The Spiral Precession Cosmology which takes the Hubble velocity quadratic form will explain the celestial

rationally.

e.Discharge of Precession Introduction

The Introduction of “E spiral precession discharge”

Gas discharge has main forms of: the positive column discharge, negative corona discharge, corona discharge, hollow cathode discharge, etc. Only the positive column of discharge has lighting value. The common fluorescent lamps are produced in accordance with the positive column discharge lamp. It has a negative resistance characteristic, the radiation power and the length of the tube is proportional to the pipe flow.

People want fluorescent lamps in the same shape as the incandescent bulbs. So the straight tube fluorescent lamps are made in H-, U-, and spiral shapes; even spiral tube lamp package in incandescent bulbs shell, made of the appearance the same as incandescent fluorescent.

The wick structure and working mechanism must be explored in order to make truly incandescent-like fluorescent lamps.

“E spiral procession discharge” is gradually formed in the comprehensive experiment of corona discharge and hollow cathode discharge. The new invention of the gas light-emitting diodes, the Gas-LEDs (GLED)is based on “E Spiral Precession discharge” theory and mechanism. It has the appearance of the incandescent lamp, the effect of energy saving lamps and the lifetime of electrode-less lamp.

If the core of The ILED is the PN junction, then the core of the GLED is Ω,-Ι knot. “Ω-Ι knot” is combined with the Ω-shaped spiral cathode and the I-shaped anode rods. It is characterized in that:

1. On top of Ω-shaped spiral cathode and I-shaped anode rod arc form a fan-shaped radiation electric field.

2. A symmetric electric field is formed on both sides of the Ι-shaped anode rod and Ω-shaped spiral cathode in pairs.

3. In the middle of both sides of the Ω-shaped spiral cathode changes their direction of circulation, which form a magnetic field around the Ω-shaped spiral cathode. The plasma within GLED completes discharge under the combined effects of these electromagnetic fields of E spiral precession discharge.

The uniqueness of GLED wick is to apply orthogonal electromagnetic field in the space between the anode rod and Ω spiral cathode. When the electrons leave the cathode hot spot, the mercury ion is generated in addition to angular momentum in the radial electric field in the axial but also by radial Lorentz force deflection of the magnetic field, it will allow the plasma to sustain running along the track of E Spiral precession. This greatly increases the opportunity for the plasma to collide with atom (mercury). Under conditions of low gas pressure and low-voltage it can maintain the high-intensity of E Spiral precession discharge.

“E spiral precession discharge” theory explains the working mechanism of the Gas-LED, it answers people’s demand of fluorescent lamp in the shape and as the incandescent lamp.

The inventor of this spiral precession principle is inspired by the spiral precession cosmology which explains the evolution of the universe. It adds a new chapter in the invention of gas discharge mode!

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